This course intends to deliver practical understanding of the major planning and management methods for protected areas. Protected areas on land, in fresh and marine waters are taken into consideration. The analysis of protected areas' global context considers concerns with definition, scope, and governance. The institutional structures within which planning, and administration take place are provided by governance procedures, therefore public, private, community, and collaborative arrangements are given emphasis. The management of complexity, sustainable finance, management effectiveness, community engagement, and landscape/seascape scale are then taken into consideration, along with systems and related methodologies.